Treatment Delivery
Coding Question: How do you code for more than one body area being treated, such as concurrent treatment to the chest and to the whole brain?
Coding Answer: Although treatment will be delivered to two separate sites, only one daily treatment delivery CPT code may be reported. CPT 77412 should be reported when treating multiple isocenters concurrently.
Coding Question: Does CPT 77412 depend on whether the plan is 3D, IMRT, VMAT or other technique?
Coding Answer: No. The 2026 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule removed modality-based distinctions and delivery code CPT 77412 is selected by the complexity of the treatment delivery, not the planning method.
Coding Question: How do you properly code for superficial radiation therapy services?
Coding Answer: CPT 77401 and Cat III code 0394T have been deleted starting Jan 1, 2026. All surface radiation therapy, including superficial and orthovoltage delivery, is reported using code(s) 77436-77439.
77436- Surface radiation therapy; superficial or orthovoltage, treatment planning and simulation-aided field setting.
77437- Surface radiation therapy; superficial delivery, ≤150 kV, per fraction (e.g., electronic brachytherapy)
77438- Surface radiation therapy; orthovoltage delivery, >150-500 kV, per fraction.
77439- Surface radiation therapy; superficial or orthovoltage, image guidance, ultrasound for placement of radiation therapy fields for treatment of cutaneous tumors, once per course of treatment.
In addition, the following codes should NOT be reported with the above surface radiation therapy codes.
Clinical treatment planning (77261-77263)
Treatment devices (77332-77334)
3-D planning (77295)
Dosimetry (77300, 77331)
Isodose planning (77306, 77307, 77316-77318)
Simulation (77280-77290)
Treatment delivery (77402-77412, 77371, 77372, 77373)
Treatment management (77427, 77431, 77432, 77435, 77469, 77470)
