The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has issued a proposed rule to update its materials licensing regulations, part of a broader federal effort to modernize and streamline oversight, though the proposal does not impact the medical use regulations in 10 CFR Part 35. For radiation oncology, the rule could reduce administrative burden by simplifying licensing, revising reporting requirements and clarifying existing regulations, potentially supporting more efficient operations. At the same time, there may be tradeoffs, including safety oversight, consistency across Agreement States, and changes to reporting that could affect visibility into safety trends. ASTRO will examine how the proposed changes may influence clinical settings, particularly where radiation treatments depend on strong safety protocols and clear regulatory expectations. While the rule is not specific to medical use, its cross-cutting changes to licensing and compliance requirements could still shape the broader regulatory environment for radiation oncology. The proposal is part of a larger series of NRC rulemakings to reform the agency’s regulatory framework. Additional rulemakings are expected to address medical use more directly.